Updated on
February 11, 2026
3. Immigration and Residence Requirements
If you're not an EU, EEA, or Swiss citizen, you must secure proper immigration status before beginning independent activity in Luxembourg. EU citizens have freedom of movement but still need to complete certain administrative steps.
Requirements for Non-EU Nationals
Third-country nationals must obtain a residence permit specifically for self-employment before starting their independent activity. This process involves submitting a detailed application to Luxembourg immigration authorities including your passport and identification documents, a comprehensive CV demonstrating relevant professional experience, your business plan showing economic viability, police clearance certificates from countries where you've lived, and proof of sufficient financial resources to support yourself and any dependents.
The immigration authorities evaluate whether you meet professional access conditions for your intended activity and whether you have adequate means to support yourself. They also consider whether your business will contribute to the Luxembourg economy.
Application Process and Timing
Apply for your self-employment residence permit before arriving in Luxembourg if possible, or shortly after arrival if you enter on a visitor visa. The process typically takes several weeks to several months depending on the complexity of your application and current processing times.
Applications can be submitted through two methods:
- The recommended method is submitting your application through the MyGuichet.lu portal, where you can complete the entire procedure online or through the MyGuichet.lu mobile app. The online system allows you to attach all supporting documents digitally and track your application status.
- Alternatively, you can submit a paper application form along with all required supporting documents by mail to the Ministry of Home Affairs (Ministère des Affaires intérieures). Required documents typically include your valid passport and travel documents, proof of sufficient financial resources, your detailed business plan, police clearance certificates from countries where you've resided, proof of health insurance coverage, proof of accommodation in Luxembourg, relevant professional qualifications or diplomas, and proof of payment of the application fee.
The processing time typically ranges from three to six months depending on the complexity of your application, completeness of documentation, and your business sector. The residence permit is initially valid for one year and can be renewed annually if your business remains active and compliant.
Once approved, you must register your arrival with your local commune within three days of entering Luxembourg and complete a medical examination before receiving your residence permit card. Keep all documentation organized and respond promptly to any requests for additional information to avoid delays.
Renewal and Ongoing Compliance
Self-employment residence permits are typically granted for limited periods and must be renewed before expiration. Renewal applications require demonstrating that your business remains viable and that you continue meeting the original approval conditions.
Maintain thorough records of your business activities, client relationships, and financial results to support renewal applications. Changes in your business activity or personal circumstances should be reported to immigration authorities as they may affect your permit status.
EU/EEA/Swiss Citizens
Citizens of EU member states, EEA countries, and Switzerland enjoy freedom of movement and do not need residence permits to work independently in Luxembourg. However, you must still register with your commune upon arrival and complete all business registration and social security procedures required for independent status.
While you have the right to work independently, you still must meet professional qualification requirements and obtain any necessary business permits or authorizations for your specific activity.